What is the term used for the sudden loss of heart function in a BLS scenario?

The term used for the sudden loss of heart function in a Basic Life Support scenario is "cardiac arrest." This condition occurs when the heart unexpectedly stops beating effectively, which drastically reduces or halts blood circulation throughout the body. During cardiac arrest, individuals may lose consciousness and stop breathing, requiring immediate intervention to restore normal heart function and blood circulation.

In the context of Basic Life Support, recognizing cardiac arrest is crucial because it necessitates prompt action, such as beginning CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and using an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) if available. The immediate response during a cardiac arrest situation can significantly increase the chances of survival and minimize the risk of long-term neurological damage.

Other terms, such as heart failure, refer to a chronic condition where the heart cannot pump blood effectively over time, rather than a sudden cardiac event. Respiratory distress pertains to difficulties in breathing, and a stroke involves an interruption of blood supply to the brain, which are separate medical emergencies not synonymous with the sudden loss of heart function.